Weather Monitoring System Using Internet Of Things (IoT)

ABSTRACT

The system proposed in this paper is an advanced solution for monitoring the weather conditions at a particular place and make the information visible anywhere in the world. The technology behind this is Internet of Things (IoT), which is an advanced and efficient solution for connecting the things to the internet and to connect the entire world of things in a network. The data updated from the implemented system can be accessible in the internet from anywhere in the world. In agriculture zone it will be very difficult to check and monitor the weather parameter through wires and analog devices during some weather hazards. To overcome this problem here the wireless sensors are used to check and monitor the weather parameters. The other idea is Vertical farming system. It is implemented for cultivating different crops in small area.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT MOTIVATION
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS TO THE PROJECT
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• REVIEW OF RELATED WORKS
• EXISTING SYSTEM MODEL
• REVIEW OF THE PROPOSED MODEL
• OVERVIEW OF WHEATHER
• CAUSES WEATHER CHANGE
• EFFECT OF WEATHER ON HUMANS
• EFFECTS OF WEATHER ON POPULATIONS
• WEATHER FORECASTING
• REVIEW OF MODIFICATION

 CHAPTER THREE

SYSTEM DESIGN

• SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• SYSTEM OPERATION
• DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS USED
• COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS ON ENVIRONMENTAL
• IMPLEMENTATION
• POWER SUPPLY UNIT

CHAPTER FOUR

• SIMULATION RESULTS
• RESULT

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES

 CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION

Present innovations in technology mainly focus on controlling and monitoring of different activities. These are increasingly emerging to reach the human needs. Most of this technology is focused on efficient monitoring and controlling different activities. An efficient environmental monitoring system is required to monitor and assess the conditions in case of exceeding the prescribed level of parameters (e.g., noise, CO and radiation levels).

When the objects like environment equipped with sensor devices, microcontroller and various software applications becomes a self-protecting and self-monitoring environment and it is also called as smart environment.

In such environment when some event occurs the alarm or LED alerts automatically. The effects due to the environmental changes on animals, plants and human beings can be monitored and controlled by smart environmental monitoring system. By using embedded intelligence into the environment makes the environment interactive with other objectives, this is one of the application that smart environment targets[Grzegorz Lehmann, Andreas Rieger, Marco Blumendorf, SahinAlbayrakDAI, 2008].

Human needs demands different types of monitoring systems these are depends on the type of data gathered by the sensor devices. Event Detection based and Spatial Process Estimation are the two categories to which applications are classified. Initially the sensor devices are deployed in environment to detect the parameters (e.g., Temperature,Humidity, Pressure, LDR, noise, CO and radiation levels etc.) while the data acquisition, computation and controlling action (e.g., the variations in the noise and CO levels with respect to the specified levels). Sensor devices are placed at different locations to collect the data to predict the behavior of a particular area of interest. The main aim of the this paper is to design and implement an efficient monitoring system through which the required parameters are monitored remotely using internet and the data gathered from the sensors are stored in the cloud and to project the estimated trend on the web browser.

A solution for monitoring the noise and CO levels i.e., any parameter value crossing its threshold value ranges, for example CO levels in air in a particular area exceeding the normal levels etc., in the environment using wireless embedded computing system is proposed in this paper. The solution also provides an intelligent remote monitoring for a particular area of interest. In this paper we also present a trending results of collected or sensed data with respect to the normal or specified ranges of particular parameters. The embedded system is an integration of sensor devices, wireless communication which enables the user to remotely access the various parameters and store the data in cloud [Y. Zhou, Q. Zhou, Q. Kong, and W. Cai., 2010]

1.1                                           BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a given location. Human beings have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennium and formally since the nineteenth century. Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about the current state of the atmosphere on a given place and using scientific understanding of atmospheric processes to project how the atmosphere will evolve on that place [International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)ISSN: 2278-018IJERTV3IS090619, 2014].

Weather is driven by air pressure (temperature and moisture) differences between one place and another. These pressure and temperature differences can occur due to the sun angle at any particular spot, which varies by latitude from the tropics. The atmosphere is a chaotic system, so small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole. This makes it difficult to accurately predict weather more than a few days in advance, though weather forecasters are continually working to extend this limit through the scientific study of weather, meteorology. It is theoretically impossible to make useful day-to- day predictions more than about two weeks ahead, imposing an upper limit to potential for improved prediction skill.

Once an all-human endeavor based mainly upon changes in barometric pressure, current weather conditions, and sky condition, weather forecasting now relies on computer-based models that take many atmospheric factors into account. Human input is still required to pick the best possible forecast model to base the forecast upon, which involves pattern recognition skills, tele-connections, knowledge of model performance, and knowledge of model biases [The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES) Volume 4, 2015].

1.3                                   PROBLEM STATEMENT

Before now, for one to measure whether parameter such as temperature, wind direction and speed, humidity and flooding, he has to visit the particular environment and then used his instrument to measure. But nowadays, this method has change. A different method is used as a result of technological advancement which enable one to measure whether parameters using wireless means called smart whether monitoring using IoT. The system proposed is an advanced solution for weather monitoring that uses IoT to make its real time data easily accessible over a very wide range via internet.

1.3                                                   AIM OF THE PROJECT

main aim of the this paper is to design and implement an efficient monitoring system through which the required parameters are monitored remotely using internet and the data gathered from the sensors are stored in the cloud and to project the estimated trend on the web browser.

1.4                          APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

1) IOT weather reporting system has application to farmers as well. The weather forecasting plays very important role in the field of agriculture.

2) IOT weather monitoring project proves really helpful for monitoring weather at places like volcano, rain forests. It is quite difficult for a human being to stay for longer time at such places. Or even areas which are exposed to radioactive leakage.

1.5                           ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

1) IOT weather monitoring system project using Arduino is fully automated. It does not require any human attention.

2) You can get a prior alert of the weather conditions. Suppose you are planning to visit a place and you want to know the weather parameters over that place, then you can just visit a website IOT portal.Future enhancements to this IOT project.

1.6                                  SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This project is an efficient monitoring system through which the required parameters are monitored remotely using internet and the data gathered from the sensors are stored in the cloud and to project the estimated trend on the web browser. The values from the cloud is updated at each and every moment. The crops are cultivated and the soil are tested mainly the moisture is measured. Thus we can cultivate different crops at a particular area. Vertical farming is nothing but it is a vertically stacked farming and it is a upcoming methodology for farming.

1.7                                                  PROJECT MOTIVATION

Imagine a situation where scientists/nature analysts want to monitor changes in a particular environment say volcano or a rain-forest. And these people are from different places in the world. In this case, SMS based weather monitoring has its own limitations. Since it sends SMS to few numbers. And time for sending SMS increases as the number of mobile numbers increases. In order to send this data to everyone, a person who receives this SMS can upload/add data to some place where everyone can see it. And what else apart from the Internet connects everyone in this world? However, a person doing it manually is time consuming and tedious job. And then there arises a need of an automated solution for this. So in such scenarios, IOT – Internet of Things proves really effective. Using Internet of Things, we can upload these weather parameters data to the cloud using internet connectivity over a WiFi module through wireless communication.

1.8                               PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The purpose of this work is to advanced solution for monitoring of weather using advance technology- Internet of Things (IoT).

1.9                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

Two things are necessary to view this weather reporting over the Internet. One is the Internet and another is a device to access a URL / website. This device can be laptop or desktop or a tablet or even a smartphone. And that Internet connectivity is required at both places. One where is project is placed and another from where user monitors this data.

1.10             FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS TO THE  PROJECT

1) As Arduino Uno has 5 Analog inputs, we can add a 5th parameter for weather monitoring.

1.11                                                      PROJECT ORGANIZATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied,  chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.