Solid Waste Management

INTRODUCTION
Empirical evidence ranks Nigerian as one of the countries world that produces high qualities of solid waste. This phenomenon is predicted on her over increasing population complied with sophistication in taste and demand for domestic and industrial goods by her urban population. The uncontrolled generation and disposal of these wastes have deteriorated our otherwise conducive urban environment. Virtually all cities in Nigeria are characterized by helps or mounting of solid wastes. The health implications of this development on our urban streams, health and socio-economic development leave much to be desired.
The realization of good health, hygiene and sustainable development in any society is practically impossible when pollution by way of solid wastes impact strongly on hers socio – economic, cultural and environmental settings.
Policy markers, leaders of though and political office holders are daily confronted with endemic problems of what to do with mounting heaps of solid wastes in our urban environment. Many choice properties by virtue of their proximity to dump sites have deteriorated significantly and this has serious negative effect on their rental and capital values.
The present scenario depicts a state hopeless as virtually all Agencies of government entrusted with managing the wastes especially ENSEPA seems to be at cross road on what to do.

1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Solid waste management is a very difficult task, as we all know. It creates a lot of problems to people which include:- drainage blockage (flooding), traffic jam, health hazard and unsightly environment.
In addition, environmental pollution in urban centers due to solid wastes is a matter of serious concern to the international community, for pollution in any form interferes with our good chain, health, comfort, amenities, properties values and living standards.
Today, all businesses are affected by both environmental changes and government effort towards controlling these changes.

1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of this study is to access solid waste situation in the citizen of Nigeria, more especially in Ogbete main market Enugu. More over the research aims at finding out what should be done in order to reduce the health hazards and of the increasing menace of solid wastes in our market and cities.

1.3 BACKGROUND AND NEED FOR THE STUDY
Urbanization, which is the purpose of people’s aggregation in cities, has witnessed tremendous increase in recent times. Most cities now in Nigeria have grown to full-scale urban status. The implications of urbanization is manifested in the areas of unemployment, inadequate social amenities due to undue pressures on the available ones by teaming population, increase in crime wave, sophistication and changes in demand and taste complied with high consumption on industrial and domestic goods leading to large volumes of solid wastes.
The presence of the solid wastes in our city environment without effective waste collection and disposal machinery has left most of these cities in solided state and their implications on the health of urban. It leaves much to be desired hence the need for this study.

1.4 THEORETICAL FOUNDATION OF THE STUDY
This study is based ion W. Wilkie, Jodan’s Topical hygiene and sanitation theory, which state “that the collection and disposal of refuse and waste matter is any integral part of effective sanitation exercise.
From the above view and theory, any effective waste management packaged for proper address of our solid waste hydra headed problems benefit all individual main market.

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTION
The following research questions wee formulated to guide the study. These include:
1. How do you dispose your solid waste?
2. Are there any waste bins in your shops?
3. How often is waste evacuated from your day?
4. Do you sort your waste before disposal?
5. Are there sufficient equipment and manpower?
6. Are the storage, collection and transportation in Ogbete main market dumps from individual shops?
7. How far are waste dumps from individual shops?

1.6 SCOPE OF STUDY
The study is therefore restricted to solid waste management in Ogbete main market. The scope of study is created into two sections:-
a. Delimitation
b. Limitation

1.6.1 DELIMITATION
This study reviews solid waste management problems in Ogbete main market.

1.6.2 LIMITATION
One of the things that the researcher encountered in the course of the study was time factor.
The researcher was also limited in this study due to lack of reading materials in school library, magazine, journal, literature and books to read were handicaps.
Another factor that confronted the researcher during his field survey was the un-cooperative action of the respondents.

1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1. The major significance of this study is that it will help in no small measure to maintain efficient and effective waste management system of the study area.
2. Furthermore, it will help in improving the environmental condition of Ogbete main market.
3. The findings of this study will also form the basis for further investigations in this study area.
4. Finally, it will help in the prevention, reduction and control of the disease associated with solid wastes and food poisoning.

1.8 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
For effective coverage of this research it is divide into five (5) chapters made up as follows:
Chapter one deals with the statement of the problem, purpose of the study, background and need for the study, the theoretical foundation of the study, research question, scope of study, significance of the study and overview of the study.
Chapter two is the literature review. This chapter deals with the view of relevant literature by authorities in environmental and solid waste management.
Chapter three is the research design and methodology, which gives the step-by-step procedure adopted in carrying out the study.
Chapter five is the finding, recommendation and conclusion of the study.