Design And Construction Of A Motion Triggered Telegram Alert Device Using Esp32 Cam

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The first security motion detector system was invented in the early 1950s by Samuel Bango, and which was a burglar alarm. He applied the fundamentals of a radar to ultrasonic waves – a frequency to detect fire or thief and that which human beings cannot hear. Samuel motion detector is based on the principle of Doppler Effect (Patel et al., 2016). Nowadays, most of the motion detectors work on the principle of Samuel Bango’s detector. IR sensors and microwave sensors can detect motion by the alterations in the frequencies they emit.
A security motion detector system is used as security systems in banks, offices and shopping malls, and also as intruder alarm in home. The prevailing motion detectors can stop serious accidents by sensing the persons who are in close proximity to the detector. We can observe motion detectors in shopping malls or stores with automatic doors. The main element in the motion detector circuit is the dual infrared reflective sensor or any other detecting sensor (Patel et al., 2016).
A security motion detector system contains an optical, microwave, or acoustic sensor, and in many cases a transmitter for illumination. However, a passive sensor only senses a signal emitted by the moving object itself. Changes in the optical, microwave, or acoustic field in the device’s proximity are interpreted by the electronics based on one of the technologies listed below. Most inexpensive motion detectors can detect up to distances of at least 15 feet (5 meters). Specialized systems are more expensive but have much longer ranges. Tomographic motion detection systems can cover much larger areas because the radio waves are at frequencies which penetrate most walls and obstructions, and are detected in multiple locations, not just at the location of the transmitter (Patel et al., 2016).
Automatic security light control and motion detection system have found wide use in domestic and commercial applications. One common application is activation of automatic door openers in businesses and public buildings. automatic security light control and motion detection systems are also widely used in lieu of a true occupancy sensor in activating street lights or indoor lights in walkways (such as lobbies and staircases). In such “Smart Lighting” systems, energy is conserved by only powering the lights for the duration of a timer, after which the person has presumably left the area. An automatic security light control and motion detection system may be among the sensors of a burglar alarm that is used to alert the home owner or security service when it detects the motion of a possible intruder. Such a detector may also trigger a security camera in order to record the possible intrusion.
Security is the degree of protection against danger, loss and criminals. Throughout history, human have sought to protect their life, property and professions .The busy lifestyle of people is leading to the necessity of controlling the devices at home remotely and increasing the necessity of keeping surveillance over their home. Now when everything is available to us we can now design something that provides us complete security. The very basic of this began with the simple alarm system which include notifying suspicious activities at a very low cost (Urbana et al., 2011) .The need for security system have rapidly grown from being specialized for high – risk areas such as banks ,companies ,governmental institutions),to be available and demanded rapidly by the average public. Some of the common characteristics of motion detection alarm and security system as follow 24 hours monitoring, difficult to hack, Ability to control doors and motion sensor. The motion sensor used in this work is the pyroelectric device that detects motion by measuring changes in the infrared levels emitted by surrounding objects.
In this project we’ve build a Home Security System using ESP32-CAM which notifies the user on Telegram App about any Intruder trying to break in our house by capturing and sending his photo to user’s telegram. For that we’ve used motion and Door Sensors.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Many and different security devices have existed in the past but they are limited on buzzing an alarm, and sending SMS using GSM module when an object is detected. In most recently, CCTV’s usually seen at many places such as banks for continuously record the situation (Upasana et al., 2015), which is stored by an external storage device – digital video recorder (DVR). However, the proposed study alerts the user whenever any Intruder trying to break in our house by capturing and sending his photo to user’s telegram. The device was built around PIR motion detector and ESP32- CAM. Human motion detection is to develop a system to monitor the area while the ESP-32 Cam has an inbuilt web camera and memory. ESP-32 cam captures the intruder and send it the captured image to the user’s telegram and at the same time save it.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this work is to build an intelligent intruder motion alert and security that can sense the presence of intruder and notifies the owners immediately by capturing and sending intruder’s photo to user’s telegram.
The objectives of the study are:
i. To monitor doors – (to detect any Forced/Unauthorized Entry)
ii. To detect motion – (for Intruder Alert)
iii. To provide a very cost effective security system that can be placed anywhere in the house with less maintenance cost.

1.4 SCOPE / LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers the design Real time security system using Human motion detection to develop a system to monitor the area using ESP-cam and motion sensor is suitable in the area where no one is permissible to enter and where there is the need to detect if any motion has been done. All sensors connected to ESP32-CAM Development board. ESP-CAM is Wi-Fi enabled so it connects to our Wireless router which is further connected to Internet. To Interact with security system and get notified about all the alerts we need to create Telegram Bot on Telegram Application in our smartphone which was carried out with TTL programmer.
On Telegram app, we can also take/get live photos of our monitoring area where we have installed our ESP-CAM.
If all sensors and alerts enabled, then system will give alerts on telegram about whenever any security related event occurs such as intruder
It can be operate from anywhere in the world, one just need Telegram application with Authorized bot and Internet connectivity to your phone.
Only allowed/Authorized users will be able to interact with this Bot.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study shall serve as a means of promoting security in our environment without human intervention. To the student involved, this study will help him to become familiar with the ESP32-CAM Development board and PIR sensor.