Construction Of An IoT Based Fire Alarm System

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

A fire is a condition of consuming that delivers the blazes and warmth. The fire can possibly make hurt its inhabitants and serious harm to the property. Mechanical security survey magazine expresses that there are 25,000 people passed on because of fire mishaps in India in the time of 2001-2014 (NCRB, 2014). The harm of structures and loss of human life can be occurred because of fire mishaps in the enterprises. This present examination endeavours for to discover the staff characteristics of business factors and work factors that include which prompts fire mishap in the business.

Putting out fires and observing circumstances are intense today. They concentrate on improve the science and innovation in opposing fire debacles. They are worried about the use of new innovation, for example, IOT and remote sensor arrange in putting out fires and observing field. IOT is truly appropriate for putting out fires with wide degree alongside remote sensor network (Liu et al., 2014).

A key part of fire insurance in the business is to build up the wellbeing framework by utilizing alarm sign to the association by methods for IOT innovation to the encompassing territory in the business. The conceivable weighty harms and bothersome expenses on both condition and network calls for additional improvement of wellbeing methodology and selection of proper techniques in taking care of dangers in industry and fast activity on standard working strategy if there should be an occurrence of arrival of risks detected. The fire mishap from Hong Kong shipyard is a significant episode which passed on to look for regard for the unfathomable capability of perils like fire blast in term of ruin of human life, their wellbeing and resources and enduring effects. The forest fire can be controlled by using IOT based alarm framework is utilized in all the businesses to keep from the fire mishaps (Morris et al., 2017).

A fire accident has wounds offers to the laborers removed remove an unfortunate casualty’s personal satisfaction to a critical degree. Second and severely charred areas regularly leave awful scars, and in the event that these scars are promptly clear, at that point the settlement will for the most part be higher because of enthusiastic harms. Consume wounds can leave an injured individual with interminable agony or loss of portability too, the two of which will require progressing exercise based recuperation.

It is huge to know the issue condition of fire danger in the business present to the seriousness of mishap and impact the official measures to control. The impacts will be experienced if fire will make change state to stifle themselves due any human or mechanical disappointment causes and straightforwardly influence the human life close by and working condition.

The point of this examination about peril present in condition which can be lead to fire accident in the association. The fire accidents happened in ventures ought to be distinguished by utilizing this philosophy and reasonable activities in required to control the fire accident in the enterprises are should be created. The forest fire risk have to be identified and provide the solution for fire fighters using the IOT technology the wildlife and animal lives in the forest is to be saved according to Alonso-Betanzos et al (2013).

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The Nigerian environment is considered to be hazards prone brought about by man-made and natural disasters due to its geographic circumstance which is exposed to catastrophic, floods droughts and fires. Based on the reports; devastations of these natural hazards and disasters including fires have increased in recent years. Our lifestyle of negligence and adapting to emerging technological solutions puts us at the risk of loss to fire and related occurrences as seen in markets, homes and other public places. The risk of fire occurrence is high especially during the dry season, Christmas and New Year celebration due to firecrackers. In the case where house fires are prevalent, it has effect to derail the economic growth, destroy social and physical capital including infrastructures, which resort to reallocation of ongoing programs to finance relief operations to fatalities and inhabitants and reconstruction efforts which diverts funds to social services. Fires are considered natural and man-made hazards.

Many fire alarms have existed in the past but with some limitations. This device was invented to solve the problem of complex cabling and missing alarm of traditional fire alarm system, an IOT based fire alarm system based on GSM network is designed. ESP32 Microcontroller is main control chip, and the remote alarming and data exchanging are achieved by using GSM module and Wi-Fi module send information to the IOT site. By adopting smoke detector and temperature detector and using a variable threshold alert algorithm with temperature compensation, the accuracy of fire alarm is improved.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The main aim of this work is to construct a device that will detect the unwanted presence of fire by monitoring environmental changes associated with combustion  using GSM SMS Alert system and internet alert system. The objectives of the work are:

1. To build this device at lower cost
2. To interface microcontroller with GSM, DHT22, MQ2 and LCD.
3. To ensure security of our environment, lives and properties

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

The study will serve as a means of making the reader and the student involved to become familiar with integration of arduino / ESP32 with temperature and smoke sensor.

This device will serve as a means of increasing reliability and protection thereby protecting lives and properties.

1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope of this work covers the building of an IoT based fire alarm system using arduino as the heart of the device. Arduino sends the information to the Wi-Fi module ESP32. ESP32 is a chip which is utilized for associating the smaller scale controllers to Wi- Fi organize. ESP32 will then the accompanying information to the IOT site, where, approved individuals can take proper measure so as to curb the fire. This device is limited to the following function:

1. It sends fire alert SMS and email with Temperature and Smoke Level to given number and email address. SMS and emailing system helps to monitor locations of the fire explosion.
2. Makes Loud Sound using buzzer to alert about fire. Uses Standard MQ2 Smoke Sensor and DHT22 Temperature Sensor.

1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT

Fire alarms are prime necessities in modern buildings and architectures, especially in banks, data centers mines, industrial areas, factories and gas stations etc.

1.7 PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.