Assessment of internal Control system in government establishment

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The chartered institute of Public and finance accountants (CIPFA) states that the internal control system comprises the whole system of controls, financial and otherwise, established by management in order to carry on the business of the organization in an orderly and efficient manner, ensure adherence to management policy safeguard the assets and ensure as far as possible the completeness and accuracy of the records.
Individual components of internal control system are known as “control i.e Internal control”.
The Canadian institute of chartered accountants, Exposure Draft of proposed auditing Recommendations describes internal control as comprising of the plan of an organization and all the co-ordinate systems established by the management of the enterprise to achieve management objectives by ensuring as far as is practical, the orderly and efficient conduct of its business including the safeguarding of assets, the reliability of accounting records and the timely preparation of reliable financial information. Internal control system, therefore canto be viewed as a firms organizational plan including all methods and measures by the firm takes to
(a) Safe guide its assets
(b) Ensure the accuracy and liability of its accounting data
(c) Promote operational efficiency and
(d) To encourage compliance with company policies
This is my abridged definition:
It is the responsibility of management to determine the internal control which is appropriate to the organization. The nature and extent of controls will vary between organizations and also from one part of an organization to the other.
The controls used will depend on the nature, size and volume of the activities and the degree of control which management are able to exercise personally, geographically distribution and may other factors.
Internal control can be divided into two main categories financial controls which are primarily concerned with legitimacy of expenditure and the security of assets and income and other controls mainly administrative which are created and maintained by management the ensure that an activity is relevant to the needs of an organization and is carried out in the most effective manner. These categories are independent and should be regarded in isolation as both have an impact on the performance of activities and their consequent cost and value to the organization.
Accounting and Financial Controls
These consists of all accounting, financial and monetary control techniques and systems built into the internal control system to promote and encourage the attainment of the objectives on internal controls. Generally, accounting and financial controls consists.
(a) Budgetary Control: This refers to formulation of plans of future activity, which by down carefully determined objectives and programmes of activity and provide yard stick by which deviations from planned achievements can be measured. It is defined as “the establishment of departmental budgets relating to the responsibilities of executives to the requirements of policy.
(b) Legitimacy of Income and Expenditure: All income and expenditure should be in accordance with the policy of the organization should be properly authorized and written in law.
(c) Security of Assets: Assets of the organization should be kept in properly custody and not wrongly applied either by error or intent.
(d) Accounting control: All transactions should be correctly recorded processed and control account should be maintained. It is in the bid to discuss those internal control systems that this work is carried out.

1.2 PURPOSE OF STUDY
Here the researcher intends to
i) Identify the various internal control procedures being practiced in university of Nigerian teaching hospital
ii) Critically evaluate the accuracy, adequacy and application of various internal control techniques
iii) Identify the principal problems associated with workers dissatisfaction and recognise the effect of such problems for control methods.
iv) Seek possible oriented solutions and suggest useful recommendation based on the researcher findings.

1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The common problems encountered in Hospital Management includes
(i) Late and inadequate receipt of subventions from the
government
(ii) Placement of Management of the hospital in the hands of doctors instead of experienced administrations
(iii) Lack of steady policy
(iv) Inconsistency in the salary scale of Hospital staff
(v) Frequent internal control breakdowns
(vi) Poor accountability of officers
(vii) Lack of adequate motivation which has created the room fo row morals.
However, this study is therefore aimed at ascertaining the effectiveness techniques available in government owned recommend possible solutions using university of Nigeria Teaching Hospital as a case study.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS/HYPOTHESIS
In pursuance of the above objective of the study, the following four research questions are pased.
1. Is assessment of internal control system very vital for the smooth running of government establishment?
2. Is internal control system indispensable in government establishment?
3. Is there better planning and execution of internal control system in government hospital than private hospital?
4. Has internal control system accomplishes its practical role management and staff of University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
This research will be of invaluable importance to the online management and staff of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital. The management will be exposed t the specific objectives of internal control and also help them to close the gaps and weakness inherent in their adopted internal control system

1.6 SCOPE OF STUDY
This research is intended to appraise the existing internal control systems in government hospitals, using the university of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu as an example.

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
The following terminologies are defined to reflect their meanings in the research.
Assessment: This means the evaluation of marits or act of accessing, a valuable for the purpose of taxation with respect to control system
GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHMENT: Refers to a permanent (Civil or military force or staff ruling or managing control system.
INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS: This implies the inward body as functional unity or principle which regulate or check the specific objective and weakness. Inherent in the adopted running of government establishment.
BUDGETARY CONTROL: It is the establishment of departmental budget relating to the responsibilities of executives to the requirements of policy.