Helicobacter Pylori Assay And Urine Bacteriology Of Patients With Gastritis
Helicobacter pylori are a non-spore-forming Gram-negative bacterium. The cellular morphology may be curved, spiral, or fusiform, typically 0.5 to 1.0 μm in width and 2.5 to 5.0 μm long. The aim of this study is to determine and compare the prevalence of H. pylori infection and urinary tract infections among gastritis patients. The subjects used in this project work comprised of patients with gastritis. A total number of twenty-five (25) patients with gastritis were recruited for this study. The predominant isolates were Escherichia coli (4), Klebsiella spp (2), Enterobacter spp (2), Staphylococcus aureus (3), Streptococcus spp (3) and Proteus vulgaris (2) with Escherichia coli having the highest prevalence of 25%. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the various isolates were read using their zones of inhibitions on the sensitivity culture plates, which shows that Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin, Streptomycin and Refampicin were the most sensitive antibiotics against the gram positive bacteria isolates (Streptococcus spp and Staphylococcus aureus) while other drugs were found to be intermediate and resistant. The gram negative organisms (Enterobacter spp, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp and Proteus vulgaris) were more sensitive to Augmentin and Gentamycin, while Ofloxacin, Peflacine, Ciprofloxacin, Septrin and Ampicillin were intermediate while the other drugs were resistant. The noninvasive test-and-treat strategy for H. pylori infection is reasonable for younger patients who have upper gastrointestinal symptoms but not alarm symptoms, like the patient in the vignette. Noninvasive testing can be performed with the use of the urea breath test, fecal antigen test, or serologic test; the serologic test is the least accurate
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Cover page
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Content
List of Plates
List of Tables
Abstract
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background to the Study 1
1.2 Justification of Study 3
1.3 Research Questions 4
1.4 Research Hypothesis 5
1.5 Aim of Study 5
1.6 Specific Objectives of the Study 5
Chapter Two
2.0 Literature Review 6
2.1 Overview of Helicobacter pylori 6
2.2 Microbiology of H. pylori 7
2.3 Epidemiology of H. pylori 8
2.4 Symptoms of H. Pylori Infection 9
2.5 Effects of Helicobacter pylori on Gastric Physiology 10
2.6 Complications of H. pylori Infections 10
2.7 Gastritis and Gastric Cancer 11
2.8 Diagnostic Testing of H. pylori 12
2.9 Management of H. pylori 16
2.10 Urinary Tract Infections 18
2.11 Epidemiology of UTI 19
2.12 Signs and Symptoms of UTI 20
2.13 Causes of UTI 21
2.14 Diagnosis of UTI 23
2.15 Treatment of UTI 24
Chapter Three
3.0 Materials and Methods 25
3.1 Area of Study 25
3.2 Study Population 25
3.3 Research Design 25
3.4 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria 25
3.5 Sample Collection 25
3.6 Sample Analysis 26
3.7 Antibiotic susceptibility testing 27
Chapter Four
4.0 Results 28
Chapter Five
5.0 Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation 37
5.1 Discussion 37
5.2 Conclusion 40
5.3 Recommendation 40
References 42
Appendices 48
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