Effect Of Ethanol Extract Of Desmodium Velutinum Stem On Some Maker Enzyme In Liver Of Albino Wistar Rats
Present investigations were carried out on the effect of ethanol extract of
Desmodium velutinum stem on some liver enzymes of albino wistar rats fed with
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high fat from cow‟s brain. Twelve healthy albino wistar rats were divided into four
groups. Group I rats were fed with balanced diet (normal feed, that is grower‟s
mash) and tap water. Group II rats were fed with fat diet (cow‟s brain) (3.6g/day)
alone. Group III rats received combined mixture of 70% fat diet (cow‟s brain) with
30% ethanol extract of Desmoduim elutinum stem (2.7g/day), Group IV rats were
fed with fat diet (cow‟s brain) and were administered with a drug atorvastatin
(5mg/rat/day). The rats were sacrificed at the end of the experimental (two weeks)
period. The plant extract was screened for its phytochemical constituents, using
standard procedures. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins,
flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids. The liver function tests was assessed by
measuring the total bilirubin, total serum protein, direct and indirect bilirubin and
liver enzymes such as Alanine amino transferase (ALT), Aspartate amino
transferase (AST), Alkaline phosphate (ALP), Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)
on the liver of the albino wistar rat. The serum, ALT, ALP, AST and bilirubin
concentration of the albino wistar rat increased significantly (P>0.05) compared to
their total protein concentration. The result obtained indicate that the ethanol extract
of Desmodium Velutinum stem possess hepatoprotective activity on the fatty liver
of albino wistar rat fed with fat from cow‟s brain. The studied plant showed variable
amount of phytochemicals including flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tannins, terpenoid
which were determined quantitatively using literature methods. The significant
effect of the Desmodium velutinum stem ethanol extract was compared with
standard drug, atorvastatin. The result in the present study suggest that the ethanol
extract of Desmodium velutinum stem can be used in treating liver diseases
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TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLE
LIST OF FIGURE
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 TAXONOMY OF PLANT (DESMODIUM VELUTINUM) 4
2.2 LIVER
2.3 WHAT THE LIVER DOES
2.4 LIVER FUNCTION TEST/MARKER ENZYMES
2.5 LIVER MARKERS ENZYMES (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, LDH) 13
2.6 USES OF LIVER FUNCTION TEST
2.7 ATORVASTATIN
2.8 PHYTOCHEMICALS
2.9 TYPES OF PHYTOCHEMICALS
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CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 IDENTIFICATION AND EXTRACTION OF DESMODIUM VELUTINUM
PLANTS
3.2 PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
3.3 EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODEL
3.4 COLLECTION OF BLOOD SAMPLES
3.5 PROCEDURES FOR CARRYING OUT LIVER FUNCTION
TESTS
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS (PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF
SAMPLES)
4.1 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS (QUALITATIVE PHYTOCHEMISTRY)
4.2 LIVER FUNCTION TEST OF RATS FEED WITH VARIOUS SAMPLES
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 DISCUSSION
5.2 CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
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