Effectiveness Of Cooperative Manpower Training And Development In Transport Industries

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In the past, human resources management particularly in the area of cooperative manpower training and development has posed great problems in organization. There has been as a result of the unavailability of training facilities in various field of endeavor globally. It therefore become clear that organization then find it increasingly difficult or at one point or the other to increase productivity or at least improve on their production quality and output.
In Nigeria the above- enumerated problem in had remained prevalent because of human researcher with enterprise. Apart from this, there is this growing cost in the training and development of personnel among organizations such that the issue of placing cost alongside productivity have placed human resources development at dangerous position thus creating organization that cost recover have remained how and thus a central issue there is no doubt as to enormous problems associated recovery cost, but management providing training and development programmed for its training work force has viewed it necessary for the operation efficiency of enterprises. For this to be achieved (improvement of services rate), management needs to set up viable machinery to train and develop its human resources. If this is achieved, their management must create an enabling condition to harness these resources for optimal productivity.
The question that may readily come to mind in this study is that why most management train and develop human resources in its organization. The issue of need and desirability of training of human resources among enterprise is obvious for training according to the oxford learners dictionary (1989:1360) Means the “ process of preparing or being prepared for a job” it further states that training means” bringing a person to a desired standard of efficiency, behaviour etc, by instruction and practice”
This perhaps means that after due instructions and a practice taking place a change or a rise in the performance and behaviour of an employee positively shows that training has taken palace.
Okorie H.A (1980:21) views training a an organized procedure by which people learn knowledge and skills necessary for doing specific job. Thus as a matter of fact emphasizes proficiency in the act of performing the duties and responsibilities of particular jobs through a planned and systematic programmed.
Training in itself no doubt, emphasize proficiency, but it is the actual practice that glazes the employee on a better performing level. This brings in the reasoning that training is a great factor in the instinctual and overall development of human resources at all levels, since it is training that brings about development.
Flippo E. (1980:41) maintained that development would include both training to increase skills in performing a specific job and understanding our total environment. In this regard, there is overview that development occurs, while training process it taking place. It becomes clear therefore that the desire to train human resources to create a positive balance on the operational efficiency of organizations. The logic of this approach is that the level of any enterprise cannot be higher than the quality of the units preparing the function. Thus, to improve performance among units, there must be some form of training and development particularly , when such performances does not meet up with organizational goals.
Measuring the effectiveness of training and development is highly department upon the rate at which functions and goals attainment in organization relate.
It will be progressive of any performance unit to meet up with organization goal constant approach of function is also some obvious methods in which management can rightly determine the result of training and development.
A performance unit that does not meet up with its goal attainment may in variably be termed weak and this may need training and retraining to improve on its standard.
The operational efficiency of any organization is usually a pointer to the standard of the enterprise. If the standards were low, then its personnel would be said to be performing poorly infecting the spirit of success under this situations will be to introduce training programmed for staff. This full training programme will be appraised by management assigned role be staff and seeing that such or task have been accomplished.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
Before embarking on any research, the researchers interest must be raised from problems which he or she has observed taking place in the area of study.
Thus the problem of this research is to determine
1. The constraints that have affected the Imo transport Ltd, and ABC transport ltd.
2. The high rate of accidents on our roads cannot be over emphasized such that lives and properties are being lost every ay, this is even more rampant in the transport industry particularly those that operate for commercial purposes.
3. Reduced trainings or profits the resultant effect is that people now private care thereby cutting done on the profit margin of those comprise .
4. Engagement of in experienced drivers, the aforementioned problems could be linked to the inadequate recruitment exercise in those companies. Most of them have no recruitment standards for employing their workers for instance the civil services commission Imo State in employing a driver will have laid dome when and regulations that the driver will meet. But the reverse is the case in these transport companies who first recruit anybody whether he meets or does not meet the standard.
5. Incompetent management staff Here, an accessing figure could also be pointed at the organizational structure of some of these transport companies who lack a well- defined organizational structure. Because the manpower bases of these companies are predominantly of low level manpower , coordinating activities have proved difficult.
Thee research work is also aimed at determining how far these companies have goes in adequately equipping its workforce (human resources) in tacking the above listed problems’ Hence the availability of these organizations must be viewed from the standard of the transport system and initializing the loss of lives and properties in the country.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
Owing to the fact that road transportation provides more than sixty percent of transport system in Nigeria, it also record the highest rate of mishaps on the way and this is becoming unbearable. The purpose of study is determine by the training and development facilities available this transport companies in order to reduce the problem associated with road transport.
The researcher is optimistic that the various problem as identified could be reduced, it measure offer to, by the operating companies and are profit accrued to them. The objectives of this study will involve an in depth study of the f following organizational structure of the companies under study;
(i) Determining the need for training and development of staff in organizations.
(ii) Attribute of workers before and after training and development exercise
(iii) Identifying and development exercise in the companies.
The study will also take a cook at the present situations ob roads and how it has affected the efficiency of the companies of for instance, a journey that is supposed to cost there to four hours may actually end between six to seven hours due to bad road. Apart from all these, the study skills try to high the various advantages of training and development exercise in an organization such as these under study.
In a course way, the work will focus on how human resources are planned. Recruited and training developed through direct action on them to upgrade the qualities and capabilities of individuals in an organization with more attention given to the transport industry. It also tries to identify issues method and problems involved in cooperative manpower training and development efforts.
Since a lot of people are employed in this sector and this contributes to the gross national product (GNP) of this nation, this study will also help bring about an improve government attitude toward road maintenance in our country because the study will highlight on the relationship between government attitude towards road maintenance and its positive and negative effects on road users.
This study road significant because is will serve as a guide and reference materials to other students and also a contributing factor to the award of Diploma certificate in Business Administration to the researcher.

1.4 HYPOTHESIS 1
H0: The effectiveness of cooperative manpower training and development in transport industries does not contribute to efficient transportation services standard
H1: the effectiveness of cooperative manpower training and development transport industries does not contribute to efficient transportation services standards
H1: The effectiveness of cooperative manpower training and development in transport industries contributes to efficient transportation services standard
HYPOTHESIS 2
H0: Efficient management and adequate financing in transport industries does not improve transportation operation system.
H1: efficient management and adequate financing in transport industries helps improve transportation operation system.
HYPOTHESIS 3
H0: Effectiveness of cooperative manpower transport and development does not lead to goad management of transportation industries.
H1: Effectiveness of cooperative manpower training leads to good management of transportation on industries
HYPOTHESIS 4
H0: Manpower training, selection and retraining close not lead to efficiency in transportation industries.
H1: Manpower training, selection and retaining lead to the efficiency in transportation industries.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study will no doubt be of immense benefit to the transport industries owed by the cooperative and other transportation industries in general. This is because attention shall be focused on the various problems affecting their effective performance and also expose the hidden importance of the effeteness of cooperative manpower training and development in transportation industries.
The study will be very important in the determination of the need for training and development of staff in organization and focus more especially on how human resources about an improved government attitude toward road maintenance in our country and also help to control the highest rate of mishaps on the way.
The purpose of the study is also for the immense training and development facilities and generating a greater degree of government support.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research work is internded to out an in 0 depth study on cooperate manpower training and development in two selected transport companies operating in Imo State. As stated earlier, the companies include:
2. Imo transport company limited (ITC)
2. ABC transport limited
The work will be a survey research and shall be limited to the following department within these transport companies.
(a) Account department companies
(b) Engineering department
(c) Personnel department

1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
Limitation are those factors inherent in the research situations that might affect the result, which the investigator must recognize and acknowledge, some of these factors are locating and sampling the subject, development and using the instrument, administering the instrument, collecting and collating data. Also limited fund and time. The researcher also inherits the following limitations in the study.
(i) The limitation inherits in the use of questionnaire in terms of fur fullness and sincerity from subject are acknowledge because of that there is tendency for a degree of error to occur in the final evaluation of data
(ii) Inability of researcher to include more transport worker in transport companies due to lack of find, time and the researcher finding and generalization are only restricted to Imo State.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
The following terms use in this work are clearly defined.
TRANSPORT: A system for carrying people or goods form one place to another using vehicles, road, air etc
MANPOWER: The number of workers needed on available to do a particular Job. That is a need for trained. Skilled manpower.
DEVELOPMENT: This is the gradual growth of something so that it becomes more advance and stronger etc
Cooperative manpower training: This is the process of learning their skill well, fe skilled manpower.
TRAINING: This is the process of learning the skills that you need to do a job.
MANAGEMENT: This is the process of utilizing human and materials resources with the aim of achieving the organization goals